Healthy Beginnings Meets HHS Criteria

Model effectiveness research report last updated: 2024

Effects shown in research

Maternal health

Findings rated high

Healthy Beginnings
Show findings details
Outcome measure Effect Follow-up timing Sample Sample size Intervention group Comparison group Group difference Effect size Statistical significance Notes

Maternal dietary behaviors: At least 2 servings per day of fruit
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect

3.5 years old

HBT Phase 2 vs. comparison RCT, Sydney, Australia, 2011-2014, full sample

 369 mothers Unadjusted proportion = 0.52 Unadjusted proportion = 0.48 Mean difference = 0.04 HomVEE calculated = 0.10

Not statistically significant, p= 0.49

Maternal dietary behaviors: At least 2 servings per day of vegetables
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect

3.5 years old

HBT Phase 2 vs. comparison RCT, Sydney, Australia, 2011-2014, full sample

 369 mothers Unadjusted proportion = 0.63 Unadjusted proportion = 0.71 Mean difference = -0.08 HomVEE calculated = -0.22

Not statistically significant, p= 0.08

Maternal dietary behaviors: Fast food
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect

3.5 years old

HBT Phase 2 vs. comparison RCT, Sydney, Australia, 2011-2014, full sample

 369 mothers Unadjusted proportion = 0.78 Unadjusted proportion = 0.85 Mean difference = -0.07 HomVEE calculated = -0.28

Not statistically significant, p= 0.06
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Negative effect is favorable to the intervention.

Maternal dietary behaviors: Processed meat more than 3 times per week
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect

3.5 years old

HBT Phase 2 vs. comparison RCT, Sydney, Australia, 2011-2014, full sample

 369 mothers Unadjusted proportion = 0.24 Unadjusted proportion = 0.22 Mean difference = 0.02 HomVEE calculated = 0.07

Not statistically significant, p= 0.69

Maternal dietary behaviors: Soft drinks, more than 7 cups per week
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect

3.5 years old

HBT Phase 2 vs. comparison RCT, Sydney, Australia, 2011-2014, full sample

 369 mothers Unadjusted proportion = 0.31 Unadjusted proportion = 0.34 Mean difference = -0.03 HomVEE calculated = -0.08

Not statistically significant, p= 0.51
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Negative effect is favorable to the intervention.

Maternal physical activity: Total physical activity time at least 150 min/week
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect

3.5 years old

HBT Phase 2 vs. comparison RCT, Sydney, Australia, 2011-2014, full sample

 369 mothers Unadjusted proportion = 0.44 Unadjusted proportion = 0.47 Mean difference = -0.03 HomVEE calculated = -0.07

Not statistically significant, p= 0.59

Maternal TV watching: Watching TV less than 120 min/day
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect

3.5 years old

HBT Phase 2 vs. comparison RCT, Sydney, Australia, 2011-2014, full sample

 369 mothers Unadjusted proportion = 0.63 Unadjusted proportion = 0.68 Mean difference = -0.05 HomVEE calculated = -0.13

Not statistically significant, p= 0.32

Findings rated moderate

Healthy Beginnings
Show findings details
Outcome measure Effect Follow-up timing Sample Sample size Intervention group Comparison group Group difference Effect size Statistical significance Notes
Mother activity time >=150 minutes/week-Complete Case Analysis
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
 24 months Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial 458 children Unadjusted mean = 0.48 Unadjusted mean = 0.38 Mean difference = 0.10 HomVEE calculated = 0.24 Statistically significant,
p = 0.04
Mother drink soft drink-Complete Case Analysis
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
 24 months Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial 497 mothers Unadjusted mean = 0.44 Unadjusted mean = 0.52 Mean difference = -0.08 HomVEE calculated = -0.19 Not statistically significant,
p = 0.08
Mother eat fast food-Complete Case Analysis
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
 24 months Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial 497 mothers Unadjusted mean = 0.83 Unadjusted mean = 0.86 Mean difference = -0.03 HomVEE calculated = -0.15 Not statistically significant,
p = 0.33
Mother eat french fries-Complete Case Analysis
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
 24 months Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial 497 mothers Unadjusted mean = 0.81 Unadjusted mean = 0.86 Mean difference = -0.06 HomVEE calculated = -0.25 Not statistically significant,
p = 0.09
Mother eat processed meat-Complete Case Analysis
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
 24 months Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial 495 mothers Unadjusted mean = 0.20 Unadjusted mean = 0.28 Mean difference = -0.08 HomVEE calculated = -0.28 Statistically significant,
p = 0.03
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Authors indicated that negative effect favors the treatment group.
Mother fruit >2 serving/day-Complete Case Analysis
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
 24 months Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial 497 mothers Unadjusted mean = 0.22 Unadjusted mean = 0.18 Mean difference = 0.04 HomVEE calculated = 0.16 Not statistically significant,
p = 0.25
Mother vegetable >2 servings/day-Complete Case Analysis
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
 24 months Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial 496 mothers Unadjusted mean = 0.52 Unadjusted mean = 0.36 Mean difference = 0.16 HomVEE calculated = 0.41 Statistically significant,
p = 0.00
Mother watch TV >=120 minutes/day-Complete Case Analysis
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
 24 months Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial 496 children Unadjusted mean = 0.65 Unadjusted mean = 0.64 Mean difference = 0.01 HomVEE calculated = 0.02 Not statistically significant,
p = 0.84
Mother water >=8 cups/day-Complete Case Analysis
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
 24 months Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial 497 mothers Unadjusted mean = 0.16 Unadjusted mean = 0.17 Mean difference = 0.00 HomVEE calculated = 0.00 Not statistically significant,
p = 0.99
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